SEVERAL METAPHORICAL SEMANTICS AND HOW TO DESCRIBE IT: THE WAY FORWARD

SEVERAL METAPHORICAL SEMANTICS AND HOW TO DESCRIBE IT: THE WAY FORWARD

Author:  I.A. Solodilova

Affiliation:  Orenburg State University

Abstract:  The article deals with the results of the research in which the author studies the peculiarities of evaluative meaning formation on the basis of metaphorical figurativeness. The theoretical basis of the research is made up by the blending theory as describing the procedure of metaphorical meaning creation, frame approach to the description of lexical semantics, the notion of frame as a semantic model and emergency theory which allows identifying various types of evaluative semantics. 
Using the examples of definite text extracts from the German literature we give a detailed description of the process of evaluative meaning creation on the basis of the metaphorical text units. While doing this analysis the author applies the method which is known in cognitive linguistics as the procedure of hyperonymic reduction that allows to define the common basis of metaphor creation mechanisms and explain the meaning of metaphorical expression. 
Metaphorical evaluation is divided into two big groups: evaluation as a kind of heritage of the source concept and evaluation of emergent origin as a phenomenon of a new level which does not rise from the elements of lower levels. 
Giving prominence to the phenomena of emergent origin in the types of metaphorical evaluation the author, following the cognitologists’ views and appealing to an amount of the data analysed, differentiates evaluation as a result of the new relations between the elements of the blend development, i.e. as the appearance of a new semantics not peculiar to the target or source concepts.
The procedure of the metaphorical meaning description offered by the author can be considered as a further development of the blending theory in using the main statements of the frame approach.

Keywords:  metaphor, evaluation (evaluativeness), blending, frame approach, frame, concept, emergent, hyperonymic reduction

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Pages:  37-46