SEMANTIC ANALYSIS AND REPRESENTATION OF MEANINGS IN THE STRUCTURE OF POLYSEMOUS WORDS

SEMANTIC ANALYSIS AND REPRESENTATION OF MEANINGS IN THE STRUCTURE OF POLYSEMOUS WORDS

Author:  S.A. Pesinа, O.L. Zimareva

Affiliation:  Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University

Abstract:  The subject matter of the article lies in confirming the hypothesis of the existence of a polysemous word meaningful core – lexical invariant. The authors describe and analyze the algorithm of metaphoric semantic meanings. The purpose of the work is in justifying theoretical and practical reasons for semantic integrity of polysemous word meanings on the basis of invariant theory. Basic methods: invariant analysis of figurative meanings based on cognitive images, the first meanings semantics, speech context and component analysis of dictionary definitions. Results: Analysis of polysemous words of the English language, aiming at determining the reasons of their semantic integrity, proved that metaphoric meanings carry in their semantics the traits of both subjective and objective information as a result of comparison of a meaningful core with the current speech and language contexts. Application area: cognitive linguistics, semantics, the study of metaphors.

Conclusion: when polysemous word meanings are being formed and decoded lexical invariant serves as a first-name basis. It appears and functions both in the form of the first meaning and an abstract semantic core in accordance with conditions of communicative time pressure. Non-mirrored relations between language and speech levels are demonstrated by the component analysis of a semantic structure of the English lexeme root.

Keywords:  cognitive linguistics, polysemous words, semantic invariant, core of a word, historical and etymological analysis, lexical-semantic variant

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Pages:  146-154