PRESUPPOSITIONS IN THE ASPECT OF SPEECH INFLUENCE

PRESUPPOSITIONS IN THE ASPECT OF SPEECH INFLUENCE

Author:  E.A. Kozlova

Affiliation:  Vyatka State Agricultural Academy

Abstract:  presuppositions. Analyzing the works, which synthesize points of view on the concept of presuppositions, the author comes to the conclusion that the components of presuppositions largely coincide with the components of discourse in the definitions of various scholars. The definition of the pragmatic presuppositions as the most comparable to the notion of speech influence leads to assuming the non-requirement of the conditions of the common fund of knowledge for the sender and recipient to achieve the perlocutionary effect. Implementing pragmatic plan, the producer of the speech should know the concept sphere of the addressee, terms of communication, social, personal relations and other discursive components, but not mandatory is the condition of coincidence of cognitive spaces.
In this regard, the author supplies her understanding of the pragmatic presuppositions: not as
a general knowledge of all participants of communication, but as a cognitive fragment of the recipient, the focus on which in the context of specific discourse enables the producer to create an effective perlocutionary text. Reasoning about the composition of presuppositional fund findings results in the author’s separation of presuppositions: into the logical (to the rational, leopolitano thinking) and psychological (sensory, figurative). The author gives her point of view about overly popular modern tendency to consider the perlocutionary discourse as largely manipulative, focused on sensory perception (i.e. on psychological presuppositions). Therefore it is necessary to direct the scientific vector to the logical aspect. This statement is based on several studies on belief as the most effective way of speech influence, which is an appeal to logic and feelings of the recipient at the same time.
The author presents the sample analysis of the logic part of presuppositional fund using the example of political speech. The author concludes that it is necessary while studying presuppositions to correlate it with the theory of reasoning using the methods of psycholinguistics and the language cognitive science.

Keywords:  presupposition, discourse components, speech influence.

References:  Arutyunova N.D. Ponyatie presuppozitsii
v lingvistike // Izv. RAN. Seriya lit-ry i yazyka. 1973. T. 32. № 1. S. 84-89.
Bushev A.B., Zin'kovskiy A.K., Agkatseva M.G. Psikhoterapevticheskaya ritorika. Tver': Triada, 2013.
Grigor'eva V.S. Diskurs kak element kommunikativnogo protsessa: pragmalingvisticheskiy i kognitivnyy aspekty. Tambov: Izd-vo Tamb. gos. tekhn. un-ta, 2007.
Dem'yankov V.Z. Logicheskie aspekty semanticheskogo issledovaniya predlozheniya // Problemy lingvisticheskoy semantiki. M.: INION AN SSSR, 1981. S. 115-132.
Dem'yankov V.Z. Teoriya rechevykh aktov v kontekste sovremennoy lingvisticheskoy literatury (obzor napravleniy) // Novoe v zarubezhnoy lingvistike. Vyp. 17: Teoriya rechevykh aktov. M., 1986. S. 223-235.
Zalevskaya A.A. Vvedenie v psikholingvistiku. M.: Rossiysk. gos. gumanit. un-t, 1999.
Issers O.S. Rechevoe vozdeystvie: uchebnik. M.: Flinta: Nauka, 2009.
Kashchey N.A. Sovremennaya ritorika v sotsial'no-politicheskom vzaimodeystvii: dis. … d-ra filos. nauk. Velikiy Novgorod, 2005.
Klushina N.I. Presuppozitsiya. Effektivnoe rechevoe obshchenie (bazovye kompetentsii). Slovar'-spravochnik. Elektronnoe izdanie: Sibirskiy federal'nyy universitet. 2014. URL: http://elibrary.ru/ item.asp?id=24493285 (data obrashcheniya 21.12.2017).
Kozlova E.A. Pragmaesteticheskie sredstva ubezhdayushchey rechi v publichnom delovom diskurse: dis. … kand. filol. nauk. Kirov, 2011.
Kozlova E.A. Analiz publichnogo professional'nogo delovogo diskursa (na primere prezentatsii) // Voprosy psikholingvistiki. 2015.
№ 23. S. 115-122.
Kozlova E.A. Lingvokreativnost' upravlentsa. Kirov: FGBOU VPO Vyatskaya GSKhA, 2014.
Krasnykh V.V. Virtual'naya real'nost' ili real'naya virtual'nost'? (Chelovek. Soznanie. Kommunikatsiya): monografiya. M.: Dialog-MGU, 1998.
Krasnykh V.V. Osnovy psikholingvistiki i teorii kommunikatsii. Kurs lektsiy M.: ITDGK «Gnozis», 2001.
Kulikova O.V. Lingvopragmaticheskie osnovaniya teorii argumentatsii (na materiale angliyskogo yazyka): dis. ... d-ra filol. nauk. M., 2011.
Kupina N.A. Ritorika v igrakh i uprazhneniyakh. M.: Flinta: Nauka, 2002.
Larionova M.V. Presuppozitsiya kak sposob manipulyativnogo vozdeystviya (na primere ispanskogo gazetno-publitsisticheskogo diskursa) // Vestnik MGIMO. 2013. № 2 (29). S. 220-224.
Makarov M.L. Osnovy teorii diskursa. M.: ITDGK «Gnozis», 2003.
Manaenko T.N. Diskurs i ego otnoshenie
k rechi, tekstu i yazyk // Yazyk, tekst, diskurs: mezhvuzovskiy sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Vyp. 1. Stavropol': Izd-vo PGLU, 2003. S. 26-40.
Mashanova K.V. Yazykovye sredstva vozdeystviya v publitsisticheskikh tekstakh biznes-tematiki (na materiale angliyskogo yazyka):
dis. … kand. filol. nauk. M., 2015.
Paducheva E.V. Nestandartnye otritsaniya
v russkom yazyke: vneshnee, smeshchennoe, global'noe, radikal'noe // Voprosy yazykoznaniya 2014.
№ 5. S. 3-23.
Pirogova Yu.K. Implitsitnaya informatsiya kak sredstvo kommunikativnogo vozdeystviya i manipulirovaniya (na materiale reklamnykh i PR-soob-shcheniy) // Problemy prikladnoy lingvistiki: sbornik statey. M.: Azbukovnik, 2001. S. 209-227.
Sigal K.Ya. Preskriptornye pravila linearizatsii v kognitsii i tekste (na materiale russkikh sochinitel'nykh konstruktsiy) // Voprosy kognitivnoy lingvistiki. 2005. № 3. S. 11-25.
Sidorov E.V. Ontologiya diskursa. M.: Librokom, 2009.
Soskina S.N., Sur E.I. Presuppozitsiya kak yazykovoy indikator manipulyativnykh vyskazyvaniy // Vestnik Baltiyskogo federal'nogo universiteta im. I. Kanta. 2013. Vyp. 2. S. 80-86.
Stolneyker S. Pragmatika // Novoe v zarubezhnoy lingvistike. Lingvisticheskaya pragmatika. M.: Progress, 1985. Vyp. 16. C. 419-438.
Frege G. Smysl i denotat // Semiotika
i informatika. M., 1977. № 8. S. 181-210.
Chirkin S.A. Vospriyatie vneuchebnoy deyatel'nosti studentami sovremennogo agrarnogo vuza (po materialam Vyatskoy GSKhA) // Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i innovatsii. 2014.
№ 12-3 (44). S. 204-207.
Shelestyuk E.V. Rechevoe vozdeystvie: ontologiya i metodologiya issledovaniya: 2-e izd., ispr. i dop. M.: FLINTA: Nauka, 2014.
Shiryaeva T.A. Kognitivnoe modelirovanie institutsional'nogo delovogo diskursa: dis. … d-ra filol. nauk. Krasnodar. 2008.
Shcherbakova O.V. O klassifikatsii pragmaticheskikh presuppozitsiy // Vestnik Stavro-pol'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2008. № 55. S. 154-158.
Yakoba I.A., Timofeev S.S. Lingvokognitivnye mekhanizmy umnoy nastroyki diskursa: smysloritmicheskoe modelirovanie // Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal. 2016. № 1. S. 126-136.
Gerasimov A. Presuppozitsii NLP. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oA7FnGyLtnw
Grigor'ev S. RADIO NLP. Presuppozitsii v Rechi. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =L7BKWgIDxHo
Lisitsyna Yu. Skrytye presuppozitsii NLP (nlp tekhniki). URL: https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=aLUYSbiifSY
Pelikhatyy A. NLP. Praktik video 7. Presuppozitsii. URL: https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Yvx7JlaPNbs

For citation:  Kozlova, E. A. (2018). Presuppositions in the aspect of speech influence. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, 2, 103-111.
(In Russ.).

Pages:  103-111