THE PROBLEM OF LANGUAGE AND WORLD COOPERATIONS: LATER L. WITTGENSTEIN’S ATTITUDE

THE PROBLEM OF LANGUAGE AND WORLD COOPERATIONS: LATER L. WITTGENSTEIN’S ATTITUDE

Author:  N.V. Medvedev

Affiliation:  Derzhavin Tambov State University

Abstract:  The study reconstructs the approach of Late Wittgenstein to the problem of the relationship between language and the world. Wittgenstein stressed the epistemological potential of language in understanding the structure and the essence of the world. The linguistic representations of concepts and the meanings of sentences governed by the rules of activity become the subject matter of philosophical comprehension.
The study includes three main sections. In the first section, the author analyzes the Late Wittgenstein’s concept of meaning. Wittgenstein developed an approach whose essence boils down to the following provisions: first, words produce actions; second, the meaning of a word or a linguistic expression is comprehended in use; third, any meaningful word belongs to a particular linguistic system. The author calls a new look at the language developed by Wittgenstein performative. The second section deals with the argument of an individual language, the refutation of which by Wittgenstein leads to an understanding of the social nature of language. Wittgenstein was able to prove that meanings are not constructed in the subject's isolated mind, but in the course of interpersonal communication aimed at achieving a coordinated dialogue.
In the third section, the author discusses the focus on the Wittgenstein model of language games. Language games are ways of interacting with the world, they are the basic models of representing various aspects of life and the world in the language.
In conclusion, the author emphasizes that Wittgenstein became the pioneer of the revolution in the philosophy of social and human sciences, which manifested itself in the formation of a stable interest in “forms of life”, in the concept of reality, and in ways of using linguistic expressions and understanding them. Based on the linguistic philosophy of Wittgenstein, the argument of life and language being closely intertwined gains fresh vigour. Life is expressed in language, and a variety of language games, as a socially accessible framework of language, provide a person with a semantic connection with the world. The connections between the world and the language are established by human activity according to certain rules.

Keywords:  Wittgenstein, language philosophy, meaning, language-games, form of life, individual language,rule following, world.

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Acknowledgments:  The research is financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 16-33-00048.

For citation:  Medvedev, N. V. (2018). The problem of cooperations language and world: later L. Wittgenstein’s attitude. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, 2, 67-73. (In Russ.).

Pages:  67-73